Modulation of the Gut Microbiota through Precision Nutrition as a Physiological Countermeasure for Long-Duration Human Missions to Mars
Palabras clave:
gut microbiota, precision nutrition, microgravity, astronaut health, Mars missionsResumen
Long-duration human space missions present unique physiological challenges due to environmental stressors such as microgravity, ionizing radiation, confinement, and restricted dietary diversity. Among the biological systems affected by these conditions, the gut microbiota plays a critical role in regulating immune function, metabolic balance, and intestinal health. This systematic review evaluates current scientific evidence on alterations in gut microbiota during spaceflight and explores the potential of precision nutrition as a physiological countermeasure for long-duration human missions to Mars. Following PRISMA guidelines, studies published between 2000 and 2025 were analyzed from major scientific databases focusing on microbiome changes in astronauts and spaceflight analog environments. The results indicate that spaceflight conditions may alter microbial diversity and metabolic pathways, potentially affecting host immunity and nutrient metabolism. Evidence also suggests that targeted nutritional interventions, including prebiotics, probiotics, and personalized dietary strategies, may help maintain microbial stability and improve physiological resilience. These findings highlight the importance of microbiome-centered nutritional approaches for supporting astronaut health in future deep-space exploration missions.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Marina CORRÊA FREITAS, Ana Luisa Maida (Author)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Los artículos publicados en el Journal of Biomedical & Space Sciences (JBSS) están licenciados bajo una Licencia Internacional Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0). Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y otorgan a la revista el derecho de primera publicación. Los usuarios son libres de compartir y adaptar el material siempre que se le dé la atribución adecuada al autor original y a la fuente. ISSN: 3086-4712
